Correction to : Blood platelets and sepsis pathophysiology : A new therapeutic prospect in critically ill patients ?

Upon publication of the original article [1], it was noticed that the title was incorrect. Instead of 'critical', it should read 'critically', and therefore, the correct title should be

Adaptive model-driven user interface development systems

Adaptive user interfaces (UIs) were introduced to address some of the usability problems that plague many software applications. Model-driven engineering formed the basis for most of the systems targeting the development of such UIs. An overview of these systems is presented and a set of criteria is established to evaluate the strengths and shortcomings of the state-of-the-art, which is categorized under architectures, techniques, and tools. A summary of the evaluation is presented in tables that visually illustrate the fulfillment of each criterion by each system. The evaluation identified several gaps in the existing art and highlighted the areas of promising improvement

Direct Infection and Replication of Naturally Occurring Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 in Normal Human Hepatocyte Cultures

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection afflicts about 170 million individuals worldwide. However, the HCV life cycle is only partially understood because it has not been possible to infect normal human hepatocytes in culture. The current Huh-7 systems use cloned, synthetic HCV RNA expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells to produce virions, but these cells cannot be infected with naturally occurring HCV obtained from infected patients.Here, we describe a human hepatocyte culture permissible to the direct infection with naturally occurring HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 in the blood of HCV-infected patients. The culture system mimics the biology and kinetics of HCV infection in humans, and produces infectious virions that can infect naïve human hepatocytes.This culture system should complement the existing systems, and may facilitate the understanding of the HCV life cycle, its effects in the natural host cell, the hepatocyte, as well as the development of novel therapeutics and vaccines

IQGAP1 Interacts with Components of the Slit Diaphragm Complex in Podocytes and Is Involved in Podocyte Migration and Permeability In Vitro

IQGAP1 is a scaffold protein that interacts with proteins of the cytoskeleton and the intercellular adhesion complex. In podocytes, IQGAP1 is associated with nephrin in the glomerular slit diaphragm (SD) complex, but its role remains ill-defined. In this work, we investigated the interaction of IQGAP1 with the cytoskeleton and SD proteins in podocytes in culture, and its role in podocyte migration and permeability. Expression, localization, and interactions between IQGAP1 and SD or cytoskeletal proteins were determined in cultured human podocytes by Western blot (WB), immunocytolocalization (IC), immunoprecipitation (IP), and In situ Proximity Ligation assay (IsPL). Involvement of IQGAP1 in migration and permeability was also assessed. IQGAP1 expression in normal kidney biopsies was studied by immunohistochemistry. IQGAP1 expression by podocytes increased during their in vitro differentiation. IC, IP, and IsPL experiments showed colocalizations and/or interactions between IQGAP1 and SD proteins (nephrin, MAGI-1, CD2AP, NCK 1/2, podocin), podocalyxin, and cytoskeletal proteins (α-actinin-4). IQGAP1 silencing decreased podocyte migration and increased the permeability of a podocyte layer. Immunohistochemistry on normal human kidney confirmed IQGAP1 expression in podocytes and distal tubular epithelial cells and also showed an expression in glomerular parietal epithelial cells. In summary, our results suggest that IQGAP1, through its interaction with components of SD and cytoskeletal proteins, is involved in podocyte barrier properties

Context- and state-dependent activation of a descending interneuron in the stick insect Carausius morosus

Lepreux G, Haupt SS, Dürr V. Context- and state-dependent activation of a descending interneuron in the stick insect Carausius morosus. Proc. Int. Soc. Neuroethol. 2018.Stick insects actively move their antennae to scan their surroundings during walking. When an antenna touches an obstacle the animal often reacts with a rapid reaching movement of the front leg. An identified descending interneuron potentially involved in this behavior is the contralateral ON-type velocity-sensitive neuron (cONv), that connects the brain to the thoracic ganglia. cONv encodes both antennal joint-angle velocity and substrate vibration. In stationary animals, cONv has highly fluctuating spontaneous activity that may reach rates similar to those measured during antennal movement at moderate velocities. How can cONv reliably encode joint movement in the presence of such strongly fluctuating spontaneous activity and how does it respond depending on the behavioural state and stimulus history of the animal. To answer these questions, we recorded the bilateral pair of cONv and tracked antennal motion in stationary animals. Substrate vibration induced by taps onto the table were encoded with a single spike per tap. Taps delivered at the frequency of footfall during walking reduced spontaneous activity of both neurons. Antennal stimulation did so only in the neuron contralateral to the antenna that moved. Preliminary results suggest that the combination of both modalities reduces the spontaneous activity more than a single modality. Furthermore, we found no movement-related modulation of cONv activity during active exploration, suggesting a strong dependence on behavioural state. Preliminary results show that responses to interrupted active antennal movements resemble those to passive deflection, implying that cONv acts as a reliable antennal contact detector under behaviourally relevant conditions

Towards Multimodal User Interface Composition based on UsiXML and MBD principles

International audienceNo abstrac

The biology of a tumour stroma

Not availabl

Double immunohistochemistry with horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase detection systems.

Books Title : Histology ProtocolsInternational audienceWe describe here a protocol optimized for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections that enables the detection of two antigens. This technique allows immunohistochemistry to be performed with detection systems allowing observation by light microscopy. This chapter discusses the choice of appropriate protocols as well as the choice of visualization systems.In doing so, we provide examples of representative results obtained with this protocol and describe necessary controls; additionally, we discuss common problems associated with this methodology, and detail troubleshooting recommendations. Although this method has been optimized for liver sections, it may be applicable for performing double immunostaining in a variety of tissue samples